"Medications to be Used in the Elderly" 
A Statewide Clinical Recommendation on Potentially Inappropriate Medications

References

1. Fick DM, Cooper JW, Wade WE, Waller JL, Maclean JR, Beers MH. Updating the Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults: results of a U.S. consensus panel of experts. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:2716-24.
2. Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Rollingher I, et al. Explicit criteria for determining inappropriate medication use in nursing home residents. UCLA Division of Geriatric Medicine. Arch Intern Med 1991;151:1825-32.
3. Beers MH. Explicit criteria for determining potentially inappropriate medication use by the elderly. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:1531-6.
4. Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Rollingher J, Reuben DB, Beck JC. Explicit criteria for determining inappropriate medication use in nursing home residents. Arch Intern Med 1991;151(9):1825-32.
5. McLeod PJ, Huang AR, Tamblyn RM, Gayton DC.  Defining inappropriate practices in prescribing for elderly people: a national consensus panel. Can Med Assoc J 1997;156(3):385-91.
6. Holbrook AM, Crowther R, Lotter A, et al. Meta-analysis of benzodiazepine use in the treatment of insomnia. CMAJ 2000;162:225-33.
7. Christian JB, Vanhaaren A, Cameron KA, Lapane Kl.  Alternatives for potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly population: treatment algorithms for use in the Fleetwood Phase III study. Consult Pharm 2004;19:1011-28.
8. Douglas P, Zipes A, Camm J, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines.  J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48(5);e247-e346.
9. American Geriatrics Society Panel. Pharmacological management of persistent pain in older persons.  J Am Geriatr Soc 2009;57:1331-46.
10. American Psychiatric Association. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder. 2000 Apr;2. Available at: www.psychiatryonline.com/pracGuide/loadGuidelinePdf.aspx?file=MDD2e_Inactivated_04-16-09 (accessed May 2010).
11. Herrmann N, Rothenburg LS, Black SE, Ryan M, Liu BA, Busto UE, et al. Methylphenidate for the treatment of apathy in Alzheimer disease: prediction of response using  dextroamphetamine challenge. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2008 Jun;28(3):296-301.
12. Ternent CA, Bastawrous AL, Morin NA, Ellis CN, Hyman NH, Buie WD. Standards Practice Task Force of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Practice parameters for the evaluation and management of constipation. Dis Colon Rectum 2007 Dec;50(12):2013-22.
13. Kamen L, Henney HR , Runyan JD. A practical overview of tizanidine use for spasticity secondary to multiple sclerosis, stroke, and spinal cord injury.  Curr Med Res Opin. 2008 Feb;24(2):425-39.
14. Roe CM, Anderson MJ, Spivack B. Use of anticholinergic medications by older adults with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:836-42.
15. ASPAN Task Force. ASPAN’s evidence based clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and/or management of PONV/PDNV. J Peri Anesth Nurs. 2006;21:230-50.
16. Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, et al. Management of hyperglycemia on type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy. Diabetes Care 2006;29:1963-72.
17. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7). Available at: www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/hypertension/jnc7full.pdf (accessed May 2010).
18. Lavelle JP, Teahan S, Kim D, Chancellor MB. Medical and minimally invasive treatment of urinary incontinence. Rev Urol 1999;1(2): 111–9.
19. American Urological Association Female Stress Urinary Incontinence Clinical Guidelines Panel. Report on the surgical management of female stress urinary incontinence. J Urol 1997 Sep; 158(3):875-80.
20. Ward TN. Headache disorder in the elderly. Curr Treat Options Neuro 2002;4:403-8.
21. Seftel AD. Erectile dysfunction in the elderly: epidemiology, etiology and approaches to treatment. J Urol 2003 Jun;169(6):1999-2007.
22. Christian JB, Vanhaaren A, Cameron KA, Lapane Kl. Alternatives for potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly population: treatment algorithms for use in the Fleetwood Phase III study. Consult Pharm 2004;19:1011-28.
23. Kostis JB, Wilson AC, Freudenberger RS, et al. Long-term effect of diuretic-based therapy on fatal outcomes in subjects with isolated systolic hypertension with and without diabetes. Am J Cardiol 2005;95:29-35.
24. Mouridsen HT. Incidence and management of side effects associated with aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Curr Med Res Opin 2006;22:1609-21.
25. Executive Summary: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2010. Diabetes Care January 2010 33:S4-S10.
26. Cooper JW, Burfield AH. Ask the Expert Q&A. Are cholinesterase inhibitors of any value in patients with dementia who are taking medications with anticholinergic effects, such as those used to manage urinary incontinence? Ann Longterm Care 2003;11:50-2.
27. Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, et al. Management of hyperglycemia on type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy. Diabetes Care 2006;29:1963-72.
28. Han L, McCusker J, Cole M, et al. Use of medications with anticholinergic effect predicts clinical severity of delirium symptoms in older medical inpatients. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:1099-105.